Nasal Polyps: What You Need to Know

Nasal polyps are non-cancerous growths that develop inside the nasal passages or sinuses. They are typically soft, painless, and tear-drop shaped, and can cause a range of symptoms, depending on their size and location.

Causes: The exact cause of nasal polyps is not always clear, but they are often associated with:

Chronic inflammation in the nasal passages due to conditions like sinusitis or allergies.
Asthma or hay fever may increase the risk of developing polyps.
Cystic fibrosis and aspirin sensitivity are other known factors that can contribute to polyp formation.

Symptoms:

Nasal congestion and difficulty breathing through the nose.
Reduced sense of smell or taste.
Facial pain or pressure.
Postnasal drip, leading to a cough or sore throat.
Frequent sinus infections.

Management and Treatment:

Nasal steroid sprays are the first-line treatment to reduce inflammation and shrink the polyps.
Nasal steroid drops
Oral steroids may be prescribed for more severe cases to help shrink larger polyps.
Saline nasal rinses can help clear mucus and reduce irritation.
Antibiotics if infection is present
Surgery may be recommended if polyps do not respond to medication or if they cause significant blockage, usually through a procedure called endoscopic sinus surgery.

When to See an ENT Specialist: If you experience ongoing nasal congestion, loss of smell, or frequent sinus infections, or if symptoms worsen despite treatment, it's important to consult an ENT specialist. Early intervention can prevent complications and help you manage your condition effectively.